I think by class, you mean U.class, X.class and S.class.
U.class are in the manual. Namely they are U.Large, U.Fertile, U.Rich, U.Eden and U.Spazial
X.class and S.class can happen on any planet you explored. Hence it`s possible to get x.barren, x.gas, s.barren, s.icy, etc. X class means the planet cannot be plunder by terran, miner, guardian. So to get rid of them, either you lost them to other in battle or you form a cluster with it to plunder.
S.class means special class of planet which give a possibility of a larger land mass than normal. For example normally a gas will have land size of 2-5. However, s.gas might have 666land.
S.class and x.class can also happen with U.class since U.class can be explored. So it`s possible to explore a s.u.large. Though this case is extremely rare.